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ELA 5: I Did What I Was Told: Holocaust Background and Context 418 Views


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Description:

No jokes today, Shmoopers. This is a serious topic and should be viewed respectfully. Oh and do make sure to check out one of our sillier videos afterwards if you start feeling down.

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:04

[Coop and Dino singing]

00:13

All right, guys, we’re gonna take a break from being our usual silly selves for a second [People playing around in a meeting room]

00:17

because we have to talk about something pretty serious.

00:20

Unfortunately, human history has some very dark chapters, when people did incredibly

00:26

horrible things to each other.

00:27

One of the worst chapters in our history was the Holocaust.

00:31

The Holocaust was a mass genocide -- a deliberate killing of a large group of people -- [Coop discussing the history of the holocaust]

00:36

that took place between 1934 and 1945.

00:39

The man primarily responsible was Adolf Hitler.

00:42

He believed that non-Jewish Germans were "a superior race" and that Jewish people were [Coop discussing Hitler's philosophy]

00:47

the enemies of the rest of the Germans, so he developed and carried out a plan that was

00:51

meant to kill all Jews.

00:53

In 1933, Hitler was the leader of the Nazi party, which had become an important force in German politics. [Girl watching video of Germany Army soldiers]

00:59

That year, Paul von Hindenburg was re-elected as President of Germany. Hindenburg wanted

01:04

nothing to do with the Nazi party…or Hitler… but he gave in to rising pressures and appointed

01:09

Hitler as chancellor of Germany.

01:11

Great time to cave, buddy.

01:13

When Hindenburg died in 1934, Hitler claimed the presidency and the Nazis became the ruling [Nazi army marching on a TV]

01:18

political party in Germany until the end of World War II in 1945.

01:23

During their rule, the Nazis imprisoned millions of Jewish people and anyone else they considered [Jewish people holding their hands up]

01:28

inferior, including homosexuals, Gypsies, and the disabled.

01:32

Hitler called his plan "The Final Solution to the Jewish Question."

01:36

He organized the extermination of the Jewish people in Germany, Poland, and other Eastern

01:40

European countries, shipping many to concentration camps.

01:43

Millions of Jews and other minorities were imprisoned in these camps, where they were [Photographs of concentration camps]

01:48

starved, tortured, and murdered.

01:50

People imprisoned in concentration camps usually didn't last a year. Some only lived for a

01:53

few days or weeks. Over ten million men, women, and children were killed during this period.

02:00

The Nazis were highly organized and feared. Still, the behavior of the rest of the German [Woman walks up to fence of a concentration camp]

02:04

population is a mystery. Why didn't they try and stop the mass killings?

02:08

After World War II, many German people said that they didn't even know what Hitler was doing.

02:12

Nazi soldiers in charge of the imprisonment, deportation, and murder of the concentration

02:17

camp victims said that they were forced to do what they did, and would have been murdered [Nazi leader shouts at Nazi soldiers]

02:21

themselves if they disobeyed. Meaning…they were kinda prisoners themselves.

02:25

Although the Holocaust is long over, the questions about why it happened are still very much

02:29

worth asking, if just to make sure an event like it never happens again. [Human history book closes]

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