Common Core Standards
Grade 3
Language L.3.1.I
Produce simple, compound, and complex sentences.
Thank goodness you don't have to teach the compound-complex sentence, but that comes soon enough for your students. As it is, simple sentences are the…well, simplest. Simple sentences can be as short as, "I ran," but they may also have a longer tail, or an object: "I ran to the store" is also a simple sentence.
Compound sentences just chug two simple sentences together and use one of those FANBOYS (conjunctions) mentioned in L.3.1.H. For example: "I ran to the store and I bought a few candy bars."
Complex sentences take a simple sentence and then plug on a subordinating conjunction, which creates a dependent clause. Example: "While (there's our subordinator) I was at the store, I bought three Snickers bars (and this was our independent clause/simple sentence)."