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AP Chemistry 1.1 Forming and Breaking Bonds 29 Views


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Description:

AP Chemistry 1.1 Forming and Breaking Bonds. Find the conjugate base.

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:04

And here's your Shmoop du jour, brought to you by baking soda.

00:08

Its use in your bread is… on the rise. Okay, here's today’s question. [Bread expands out of microwave]

00:12

In our bodies, we have a buffering system to keep our pH at a certain level. This buffering

00:16

system uses carbonate and bicarbonate ions. What is the conjugate base of the bicarbonate

00:22

ion, HCO3- in water?

00:27

And here are your potential answers.

00:32

Sodium bicarbonate is the active ingredient in baking soda, and it’s what causes bread [People scared of bread expanding from a microwave]

00:37

to rise. Or to take over your oven and become some

00:40

sort of crazy dough monster. Hypothetically… For this question, we need to consider the [Acid and Base appear at a table]

00:45

acid-base chemistry of the bicarbonate ion.

00:48

Specifically, we want to know the conjugate base of this species.

00:51

Acids and bases react to form their conjugate partners. [Acid and base getting married]

00:54

When an acidic species H A reacts with a base B by donating a proton, it becomes its conjugate

01:00

base, A-.

01:01

On the other hand, when a basic species B reacts with an acid H A by accepting a proton, [Base accepting proton]

01:07

it becomes its conjugate acid, HB+.

01:09

And then it goes to Starbucks for a pumpkin spice latte. [Base drinking a starbucks latte]

01:13

Get it? Basic? Heh.

01:15

Anyway, we need to know what happens when bicarbonate acts as an acid, and thus becomes [Bicarbonate jumping on a sofa]

01:20

its conjugate base. To act as an acid, it must lose a proton.

01:24

Don’t forget that when we split up this ionic species, we have to consider the resulting [Ionic species split in half]

01:28

charges.

01:30

Our entire bicarbonate species has a -1 charge. Our proton, H+, has a +1 charge.

01:37

That means that the CO3 species must have a -2 charge, as the sum of the charge on this

01:43

and the proton must equal the overall charge on the entire bicarbonate ion.

01:47

So we can see that our conjugate base is CO32-.

01:51

So C is the correct answer. And if you understood all that, then you definitely [Girl eating a cake]

01:55

deserve some kind of baked good. We recommend cookies, but whatever floats

01:59

your boat.

02:00

02:01

02:02

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