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U.S. History 1877-Present 6: Battles of WWI 55 Views


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Description:

Today we'll learn about how Pershing pershing—er pushing American troops out of the trenches and into enemy lines was a pretty bad idea. Especially when you could just...walk around the enemy line instead. Have we mentioned how inexperienced the American forces were?

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:04

Some people aren't so familiar with how awful World War 1 was

00:08

the reason for this ignorance in many ways is that World War two was even [Teacher discussing World War One]

00:12

bigger and badder than its prequel but it may also be because World War one

00:17

battles always have such pretty french name the some eat play the mildness they

00:23

are den well how bad could they have been with names like that well answer

00:27

very very bad all those lovely names translate to total carnage and they sent [Gravestones appear]

00:33

shivers down the spines of the survivors and families of the dead one of these

00:37

deceptively lovely sounding battles was named the meuse-argonne offensive of

00:44

1918 also called the Battle of the Argonne forest first Americans as with

00:49

all the big battles of World War one the battle was a regular bloodbath because [Soldiers lying in trenches]

00:53

it was an attempt to break out of the trenches and actually get the war moving

00:56

again it's kind of like a you know a laxative but for warfare and again like

01:01

all the worst battles of the war and the last season of a show that's past its [Soldiers in trench and sponge bob appears]

01:05

prime it seemed to go on forever lasting from September 26 to November 11th 1918

01:11

the battle only ended because the war ended otherwise it would likely have

01:15

gone on for months like the Battle of some in 1916 but the Mao was unlike the

01:20

other big battles of the war in one way American soldiers fought in it in fact [Germany looking at France shivering]

01:25

it was largest battle in US military history up to that point bigger even

01:29

than the enormous clashes of the Civil War so yay well 1.2 million Americans [Soldiers firing rifles]

01:37

took part in the Mao and 26,000 died there another innovation was that the

01:43

battle introduced a new kind of automatic rifle right up to the end of [Automatic rifle appears]

01:46

the war both sides were dedicated to finding a way to kill more of each other

01:50

the joys of innovation here's how the battle played out the Allies decided to

01:54

make a big push against the Germans and overrun their line forcing them out of [Allies rush to Germans]

01:58

their trenches Allied forces had tried this before but this time Americans had

02:02

their back or the Germans were sweating it because they just didn't have the

02:06

extra German soldiers to match the 1.2 million

02:09

new American the Allies left the Western Front in three directions the u.s. went

02:14

south the British and Belgians went east into Belgium and the British and French

02:18

went north across the way to France as the Allies advanced into German occupied [Allies appear in Germany]

02:23

territory one group of Americans led by General John J Pershing were held up by

02:29

fierce German resistance in the Argonne forest Co Pershing was impatient with

02:34

what he saw as over caution on the part of the French and British he figured

02:38

that Americans moving quickly on foot with rifles could do more damage to the

02:41

enemy than pointless artillery bombardment didn't Pershing know it's

02:45

not safe to run with guns or is that scissors either way whatever Pershing's [Athlete running with gun]

02:49

planted turned out to be a bad idea he sent groups of infantry into the forest [Us infantry run into forest]

02:55

to meet the Germans head-on and over and over and over again German artillery

02:59

inflicted high casualties on them the battle bogged down and 120,000 American [Dead soldiers appear]

03:04

soldiers were killed or wounded as the stalemate dragged on for six weeks but

03:09

last the Americans were able to achieve a breakthrough not by breaking through

03:12

the forest and the German line but by going around them it had taken the u.s. Soldiers sneaking]

03:17

for six weeks to travel 10 miles but once they did they met up with other

03:22

Allied forces and continued their merry unmarry way east into Germany well on

03:29

November 9th the German government said enough is enough

03:33

they realized they could no longer defend their homeland Germany's people

03:36

and soldiers were starving its allies were overrun or out of the war and its

03:41

troops for mutinying rather than taking part in what could [Troops pointing guns at their own army]

03:45

only be suicide missions against a much larger force and hard to blame them next

03:50

thing anybody knew Kaiser Wilhelm was ousted from power by his own people and

03:54

Germany declared itself a republic well the new government agreed to an

03:58

armistice two days later on November 11th 1918 and the war officially ended [Armistice agreement in newspaper article]

04:02

in 1919 with the Treaty of Versailles at which point the whole world took a deep

04:07

breath and gave one big Versailles of relief [Earth takes big sigh]

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